By shortening the cornea’s central arc length, flattening its central surface and displacing its peripheral area forward, intrastromal corneal ring segments, or ICRSs, allow the refractive power and geometry of eyes with keratoconus to be changed. However, despite these clear advantages, ICRS devices have one significant shortcoming: Keratoconus affects every eye differently, yet any given ICRS will produce the same effect in all eyes.
This observation has long remained in my thoughts when working with patients with keratoconus. Even after trying several types of ICRS devices, I was
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