Category: Peer-reviewed

In Vivo Imaging of Cortical Vitreous Using 1050-nm Swept-Source Deep Range Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography

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Purpose: To image the cortical vitreous, determine the prevalence of the bursa premacularis and space of Martegiani, and measure the dimensions of the bursa using the new 1050-nm swept-source deep range imaging optical coherence tomography (DRI OCT-1 Atlantis).Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.Methods: One hundred and nineteen consecutive patients (5-100 years) underwent an OCT scan using 1050-nm swept-source deep range imaging optical coherence tomography. Prevalence of the bursa premacularis and space of Martegiani and the stage of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) were determined. The horizontal (width) and anteroposterior (depth) dimensions of the bursa were recorded along with the patient’s age.Results: A bursa (Read more...)

In Vitro Susceptibility of Filamentous Fungal Isolates From a Corneal Ulcer Clinical Trial

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Purpose: To describe the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of fungal isolates to natamycin and voriconazole, and to compare these MICs to previous ocular susceptibility studies.Design: Experimental laboratory study using isolates from a randomized clinical trial.Methods: The Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial I was a randomized, double-masked, multicenter trial comparing topical natamycin and voriconazole for fungal keratitis treatment. Susceptibility testing to natamycin and voriconazole were performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute methods. The relationship between organism and MIC was assessed. A literature review was performed to compare results to previous ocular susceptibility studies.Results: Of the 323 patients enrolled in the (Read more...)

Spinoza as an Optician

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Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677), famous as a philosopher and pillar of the rational Enlightenment, for many years actually earned his living as a maker of telescopic lenses. He was knowledgeable about all the contemporary ideas about the physics of light an…

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Outcomes of Macular Hole Surgery with Short-Duration Positioning in Highly Myopic Eyes: A Case-Control Study – Corrected Proof

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Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of macular hole (MH) surgery with 3-day prone positioning in highly myopic eyes and to compare them with those from non–highly myopic eyes.Design: Retrospective nested case-control study from a cohort of 496 consecutive patients (496 eyes) who underwent surgery for MH.Participants: Forty-seven highly myopic eyes (with axial length >26 mm) were included in the study group and were matched for MH size and duration of symptoms with 47 non–highly myopic control eyes selected from the same cohort.Methods: All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, and 17% hexafluoroethane gas filling. Patients then were (Read more...)

The Use of Bowman’s Layer Vertical Topographic Thickness Map in the Diagnosis of Keratoconus – Corrected Proof

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Purpose: To evaluate the use of Bowman’s layer (BL) vertical topographic thickness maps in diagnosing keratoconus (KC).Design: Prospective, case control, interventional case series.Participants: A total of 42 eyes: 22 eyes of 15 normal subjects and 20 eyes of 15 patients with KC.Intervention: Bowman’s layer 2-dimensional 9-mm vertical topographic thickness maps were created using custom-made ultra high-resolution optical coherence tomography.Main Outcome Measures: Bowman’s layer average and minimum thicknesses of the inferior half of the cornea, Bowman’s ectasia index (BEI; defined as BL minimum thickness of the inferior half of the cornea divided by BL average thickness of the superior half of (Read more...)

Author reply – Corrected Proof

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First, We really appreciate Huisingh and McGwin’s interest in our recent publication regarding the study of suppression in patients with anisometropic amblyopia. However, the concerns they raise in their recent correspondence are not directly relevant to our study. The aim of our study was not to measure suppression before and after occlusion therapy. Rather, measurements of suppression, stereopsis, and visual acuity were made in observers with amblyopia (cases) and age-matched observers without amblyopia (controls). For a number of measurements, visual acuity was decreased in the nondominant eye of each control using optical defocus so that it matched the amblyopic eye (Read more...)

Refractive Changes after Pharmacologic Resolution of Diabetic Macular Edema – Corrected Proof

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Purpose: To determine precisely the mean change in refractive power induced by treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).Design: Prospective, randomized study.Participants: Fifty eyes of 50 consecutive patients with clinically significant macular edema receiving all 3 types of current state-of-the-art treatment with intravitreal antiedematous substances (ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or triamcinolone).Methods: Patients were followed up at monthly intervals and were treated following a standardized pro re nata regimen according to protocol. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was determined by certified visual acuity examiners. The refractive power of the treated eyes was determined using a push-plus technique. The change in refraction between baseline (Read more...)

Spontaneous resolution of vitreomacular traction demonstrated by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography – Accepted Manuscript

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Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the natural course of idiopathic vitreomacular traction (VMT) with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) from the vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) stage to the spontaneous resolution of VMT.Design: Prospective observational case series.Methods: We studied the natural course of idiopathic VMT in 46 eyes (46 patients) divided into those that proceeded to spontaneous VMT resolution (12 cases) and those that remained at the VMT stage (34 cases). All patients were examined with SDOCT at regular three-monthly intervals. We recorded the vitreomacular angle of VMA nasally and temporally, the horizontal diameter of VMA, macular thickness, visual acuity, photoreceptor layer, and (Read more...)

Alcohol Use and Positive Screening Results for Depression and Anxiety Are Highly Prevalent among Chinese Children with Strabismus – Accepted Manuscript

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Abstract: Purpose: To study associations between strabismus and alcohol use, anxiety and depression among 10-17-year-old children in Guangdong, southern China.Design: Cross-sectional, population-based studyMethods: Among 7537 children aged 6 to 17 years from 9 randomly-selected primary and middle schools, ocular alignment was assessed with the Hirschberg light reflex, cover-uncover testing, and alternate cover testing at distance (6 m) and near (40cm). Additionally, 4000 children (53.1%) aged 10+ years received self-administered questionnaires containing screening questions on alcohol use, anxiety and depression.Results: Examinations were completed on 7,464 of 7,537 subjects (99.0%), including 3,928 (52.6%) boys, with a mean age of 11.1±1.8 years. The (Read more...)

Multiple subretinal fluid blebs after successful retinal detachment surgery: Incidence, risk factors, and presumed pathophysiology – Accepted Manuscript

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Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the incidence and the clinical factors associated with the occurrence of multiple subretinal fluid (SRF) blebs after successful rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) repair.Design: Retrospective, observational case seriesMethods: We retrospectively investigated the medical records of 185 eyes of 184 patients who had undergone successful RD surgery either vitrectomy or scleral buckling. Each patient had undergone spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) combined with infrared reflectance (IR) imaging every 3 months postoperatively. We carefully examined postoperative SD-OCT and fundus IR images, in an effort to identify any SRF blebs present.Results: Multiple (≥3) SRF blebs were observed in 40 (Read more...)

Clinical and Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Patients with Focal Choroidal Excavation – Corrected Proof

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Objective: To describe the clinical and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings in patients with focal choroidal excavation (FCE).Design: Retrospective case series.Participants: Forty-one eyes of 38 patients with FCE identified in 2 tertiary medical centers in Korea.Methods: Clinical features, SD-OCT findings, and associated macular disorders of FCE were analyzed and detailed.Main Outcome Measures: Statistical associations among clinical features, including lesion type, size, and choroidal thickness, and frequency of association with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).Results: Mean patient age was 50.1 years (range, 25–76 years). The mean spherical equivalent of refractive error was −3.7 diopters (Read more...)

Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Near-Infrared Autofluorescence in Diabetic Macular Edema – Corrected Proof

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Objective: To study the characteristics of near-infrared autofluorescence (NIR-AF) imaging and its association with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings and logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity (VA) in diabetic macular edema (DME).Design: Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study.Participants: One hundred twenty-one consecutive eyes of 87 patients with center-involved DME for whom NIR-AF and SD-OCT images of sufficient quality were obtained.Methods: The NIR-AF images were acquired using Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2 (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), and sectional retinal images were obtained using Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg Engineering). The presence of a mosaic pattern and cystoid signs were determined qualitatively. (Read more...)