Intraocular Pressure in Patients with Muscular Dystrophies

Myotonic (DM1) and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) are among the most common muscle disease with ocular involvement. Myotonic muscular dystrophy affects about 1:8000 Caucasian individuals and is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode. Besides muscles, it affects other organs, including endocrine function (diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, hypogonadism), the nervous system (mental retardation), the gastrointestinal tract (dysphagia, pseudoobstruction), and the heart. The most common ocular abnormalities include cataract, ptosis, exposure keratitis, pigmentary abnormalities, abnormal electroretinograms, abnormal dark adaptation, weakness of the orbicularis ocular muscles and low intraocular pressure (IOP).

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