Author: Ophthalmology

Incidence, Types, and Lifetime Risk of Adult-Onset Strabismus – Corrected Proof

Objective: To describe the incidence and types of adult-onset strabismus in a geographically defined population.Design: Retrospectively reviewed population-based cohort.Participants: All adult (≥19 years of age) residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, diagnosed with new-onset adult strabismus from January 1, 1985, through December 31, 2004.Methods: The medical records of all potential cases identified by the resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project were reviewed.Main Outcome Measures: Incidence rates for adult-onset strabismus and its types.Results: Seven hundred fifty-three cases of new-onset adult strabismus were identified during the 20-year period, yielding an annual age- and gender-adjusted incidence rate of 54.1 cases (95% confidence interval, 50.2–58.0) per (Read more...)

RADIANCE: A Randomized Controlled Study of Ranibizumab in Patients with Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Pathologic Myopia – Corrected Proof

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab 0.5 mg, guided by visual acuity (VA) stabilization or disease activity criteria, versus verteporfin photodynamic therapy (vPDT) in patients with visual impairment due to myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Design: Phase III, 12-month, randomized, double-masked, multicenter, active-controlled study.Participants: Patients (N = 277) with visual impairment due to myopic CNV.Methods: Patients were randomized to receive ranibizumab on day 1, month 1, and thereafter as needed guided by VA stabilization criteria (group I, n = 106); ranibizumab on day 1 and thereafter as needed guided by disease activity criteria (group II, n = 116); or vPDT on day (Read more...)

Author Reply – Corrected Proof

Dr Fellman’s thoughtful comments allow for an opportunity to provide clarification with regard to the message conveyed in the editorial, “Things Go Better With Cataract Surgery.” First and foremost, I agree with Dr Fellman that blebless surgery is …

Risk of Scar in the Comparison of Age-related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials – Corrected Proof

Objective: To describe risk factors for scar in eyes treated with ranibizumab or bevacizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Design: Prospective cohort study within a randomized clinical trial.Participants: Patients with no scar on color fundus photography (CFP) or fluorescein angiography (FA) at enrollment in the Comparison of Age-related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials (CATT).Methods: Eyes were assigned to ranibizumab or bevacizumab treatment and to 1 of 3 dosing regimens for 2 years. Masked readers assessed CFP and FA. Baseline demographic characteristics, visual acuity, morphologic features on photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and genotypes associated with AMD risk were evaluated as (Read more...)

Vitrectomy with Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling versus No Peeling for Idiopathic Full-Thickness Macular Hole – Corrected Proof

Objective: To determine whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling improves anatomic and functional outcomes of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) surgery when compared with the no-peeling technique.Design: Systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis undertaken under the auspices of the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included.Participants and Controls: Patients with idiopathic stage 2, 3, and 4 FTMH undergoing vitrectomy with or without ILM peeling.Intervention: Macular hole surgery, including vitrectomy and gas endotamponade with or without ILM peeling.Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcome was best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCdVA) at 6 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were (Read more...)

The Spectrum of Ocular Alterations in Patients with β-Thalassemia Syndromes Suggests a Pathology Similar to Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum – Corrected Proof

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and spectrum of ocular fundus abnormalities in patients with β-thalassemia and to investigate risk factors for their development.Design: Cross-sectional, observational study.Participants: A total of 255 patients with β-thalassemia major (TM) and β-thalassemia intermedia (TI) were consecutively recruited and investigated.Methods: Patients underwent best correct visual acuity, indirect ophthalmoscopy, and fundus photography, including fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and near-infrared reflectance imaging using a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO). Hematologic parameters were determined, including mean ferritin levels, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, calcium, pre-transfusion hemoglobin, history of splenectomy, and liver iron concentration. Factors associated with the ocular phenotype (Read more...)

Associations between Health-Related Quality of Life and the Decision to Perform Surgery for Childhood Intermittent Exotropia – Corrected Proof

Objective: To assess associations between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and the decision to perform strabismus surgery for children with intermittent exotropia.Design: Retrospective chart review.Participants: Children with intermittent exotropia.Methods: Included subjects, identified in a clinical practice, had assessment of HRQOL using the intermittent exotropia questionnaire (IXTQ), comprising child, proxy, and parent components (parent domains: function, psychosocial, and surgery). The IXTQ scores were evaluated for association with surgery, along with standard clinical measures: prism and alternate cover test (PACT), stereoacuity, and control score (mean of the 3 most recent scores). Included data were from preoperative examination (surgical cohort) or from most (Read more...)

Defining the Limits of Normal Conjunctival Fornix Anatomy in a Healthy South Asian Population – Corrected Proof

Purpose: Quantifying the extent of conjunctival fibrosis for documentation of progression in conjunctival scarring disease is a clinical challenge. Measurement of forniceal foreshortening facilitates monitoring of these disorders. This study aims (1) to define the limits of the normal human conjunctival fornices and how these alter with age and (2) to provide normative data for upper and lower fornix depths (FDs) and fornix intercanthal distance (FICD) within a healthy South Asian, racially distinct population.Design: Epidemiologic, cross-sectional study.Participants: A total of 240 subjects with national origins from South Asia, with no known ocular history and normal adnexal and conjunctival examination, aged (Read more...)

Driving Habits in Older Patients with Central Vision Loss – Corrected Proof

Objective: To determine if central visual loss is associated with driving cessation, driving restriction, or other-driver preference.Design: Cross-sectional study.Participants: Sixty-four subjects with bilateral visual loss (<20/32 in better eye) or severe unilateral visual loss (<20/200) from age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and 58 normally sighted controls between 60 and 80 years of age.Methods: Participants self-reported driving habits. Other-driver preference was defined as preferring that another drive when there is more than 1 driver in the car. Subjects reporting 2 or more driving limitations were considered to have restricted their driving.Main Outcome Measures: Self-reported driving cessation, other-driver preference, and driving restriction.Results: Age-related (Read more...)

Genetic Susceptibility, Dietary Antioxidants, and Long-term Incidence of Age-related Macular Degeneration in Two Populations – Corrected Proof

Objective: To examine effect modification between genetic susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and dietary antioxidant or fish consumption on AMD risk.Design: Pooled data analysis of population-based cohorts.Participants: Participants from the Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES) and Rotterdam Study (RS).Methods: Dietary intakes of antioxidants (lutein/zeaxanthin [LZ], β-carotene, and vitamin C), long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and zinc were estimated from food frequency questionnaires. The AMD genetic risk was classified according to the number of risk alleles of CFH (rs1061170) or ARMS2 (rs10490924) as low (no or 1 risk allele) or high (≥2 risk alleles). Interactions between dietary intake and genetic (Read more...)