Purpose:
To determine the prevalence and causes of decreased visual acuity (VA).
Design:
Population-based cross-sectional study.
Participants:
Multi-ethnic sample of children 30 to 72 months of age identified in Los Angeles.
Methods:
All eligib…
Author: Ophthalmology
Effects of Different Sleeping Postures on Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Healthy Young Subjects – Corrected Proof
Objective:
To investigate the effects of different sleeping positions of head and body on intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in healthy, young subjects.
Design:
Prospective, comparative case series.
Participants:
Twenty healthy young Korean subjects.
Methods:
We measured IOP and blood pressure (BP) with the subjects seated and recumbent, including supine, right lateral decubitus, left lateral decubitus, prone with right head turn, and prone with left head turn positions. We measured IOP using an Icare tonometer in both eyes 5 minutes after assuming each position in a randomized sequence. We calculated the OPP using the formulas based on the mean BP adjusted for the height of the eye over the heart. The eye on the lower side in the lateral decubitus or prone with head turn position was termed the dependent eye.
Main Outcome Measures:
Difference in IOP and OPP of the dependent and nondependent eyes during changes of sleeping positions of body and head.
Results:
Mean IOP of right and left eyes while sitting was significantly lower than that measured in each recumbent position (all P<0.001). The OPPs in both eyes were significantly higher in all recumbent positions than in a sitting position (all P<0.001). Mean IOP of the dependent eyes was higher than that of the nondependent eyes in the lateral decubitus positions and in the prone positions with head turns (all P<0.001). No significant intereye difference in OPP was found for any position. Among IOPs measured in the recumbent positions, mean IOP of the dependent eye in the lateral decubitus position or in the prone position with head turn was significantly higher than that of the ipsilateral eye in the supine position (all P<0.0001).
Conclusions:
All sleeping positions of head and body resulted in an elevation of IOP and an increase in the calculated OPP compared with the sitting position in healthy, young subjects. The postural change from supine to lateral decubitus or prone with head turn position increased the IOP of the dependent eyes without significant alteration in OPP in healthy awake subjects. Further research is needed under nocturnal conditions in a sleep laboratory.
Financial Disclosures:
The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article.
A Simple Vista en Este Número
Un estudio por Campochiaro y otros (p. 795) para evaluar la relación de bloquear el factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular (VEGF) en la progresión de la no perfusión de la retina (RNP) en pacientes con edema macular por oclusión de la vena centr…
Contents
Effect of Axial Length on Diabetic Retinopathy
We read with interest the recent article by Man et al, and would like to comment on it. In this cross-sectional study, Man et al investigated a population of patients with diabetes aged ≥18 years and found that patients with a mean axial length (AL) …
Neuro-ophthalmology Safer Than MRI?
We read with interest the study “Neuroimaging in Patients Referred to a Neuro-Ophthalmology Service” by McClelland et al. They concluded that a high rate of suboptimal neuroimaging occurs before neuroophthalmology referral. They also pointed out th…
Author reply
We appreciate the interest that Bottoni et al have expressed with regard to our article “Vitrectomy without laser treatment or gas tamponade for macular detachment associated with an optic disc pit.” Their findings using optical coherence tomograph…
Author reply
We thank Sadun et al for their letter. We are in agreement that inappropriate testing leads not only to delays in final diagnosis and definitive treatment, but can result in further unnecessary testing and intervention. We would also amplify the point …
Erratum
With apologies from the authors, in the publication entitled, “Clinical Applications of Cost Analysis of Diabetic Macular Edema Treatments” (Ophthalmology 2012;119:2558–62) had errors. Corrected (with corrected numbers in bold) is printed below.
Glaucoma Progression Analysis
We have read with interest the article by Tanna et al entitled “Glaucoma progression analysis (GPA) software compared with expert consensus opinion in the detection of visual field progression in glaucoma.”
Sclerosing Polycystic Adenosis of the Lacrimal Gland
We wish to report a case of sclerosing polycystic adenosis (SPA) of the lacrimal gland. A 68-year-old woman presented to her primary care provider with a complaint of right orbital pain that occurred each time she cried. Computed tomography of the or…
Residency Education Professionalism Vignettes
The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has identified 6 general competencies for resident education: (1) medical knowledge, (2) patient care, (3) practice-based learning, (4) interpersonal and communication skills, (5) profess…
Maculopathy Resolution after Surgery for an Optic Disc Pit
We read with great interest the article entitled “Vitrectomy without laser treatment or gas tamponade for macular detachment associated with an optic disc pit,” by Hirakata et al and we congratulate the authors for their informative paper. We have …
Reticular Pseudodrusen
In 1990, our group first described reticular pseudodrusen as a peculiar yellowish pattern in the macula of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients, whose visibility was enhanced using blue light. More recently, using spectral-domain optical coh…
Author reply
We thank Zhang et al for their comments on our manuscript. Our group feels that it is important to look at the mean difference in axial length (AL) and also consider other key diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk factors, such as HbA1c and duration of diabet…
Editorial Board
Graft Orientation, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Endothelial Keratoplasty
Many believe that Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) surgery, as first described by Melles et al, provides faster and better visual rehabilitation compared with other posterior lamellar keratoplasty techniques. DMEK allows transplantat…
Author reply
We thank Casas-Llera et al for their interest in our study, the main purpose of which was to determine the level of agreement between the consensus judgment of expert clinicians and Glaucoma Progression Analysis (GPA) software with respect to the deter…
This Issue At A Glance
Campochiaro 等 (p. 795) 进行了一项研究, 视网膜中央静脉阻塞 (CRVO) 或视网膜分支静脉阻塞 (BRVO) 伴有黄斑水肿的患者, 其视网膜无灌注区 (RNP) 进展情况与阻断血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 之间的关系,
This Issue At A Glance
A study by Campochiaro et al (p. 795) assessing the relationship of blocking vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on progression of retinal nonperfusion (RNP) in patients with macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) or branch re…