Author: Ophthalmology

Functional Improvement after One- and Two-Eye Cataract Surgery in the Salisbury Eye Evaluation

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
To determine the impact that cataract and cataract surgery have on clinical measurements of vision, reading speed, objective mobility performance, and subjective visual functioning.

Design:
Prospective, population-based study.

Participants:
A total of 1739 Salisbury Eye Evaluation (SEE) participants without previous cataract surgery with bilateral baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) ≤0.3 (≥20/40) or cataract surgery between rounds 1 and 2.

Methods:
Participants were categorized on the basis of cataract surgery by round 2 into no surgery, unilateral surgery, or bilateral surgery. (Read more...)

Seasonal Changes in Visual Field Sensitivity and Intraocular Pressure in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
Longitudinal testing plays a key role in glaucoma management. Variability between visits hampers the ability to monitor progression. It has previously been shown that average intraocular pressure (IOP) exhibits seasonal fluctuations. This study examines whether visual field sensitivity also exhibits seasonal fluctuations and seeks to determine whether such fluctuations are correlated to seasonal IOP effects.

Design:
Comparative case series.

Participants:
A total of 33 873 visits by 1636 participants enrolled in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study. Participants were split into 6 geographic zones according to the prevailing climate in (Read more...)

Progression of Intermediate Age-related Macular Degeneration with Proliferation and Inner Retinal Migration of Hyperreflective Foci

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
Drusen and migrating retinal pigment epithelium have been associated with hyperreflective foci (HF) detected by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). This study sought to quantify the change in intraretinal HF distribution and its correlation with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) disease progression.

Design:
Prospective observational study from the multicenter Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) Ancillary SD-OCT Study.

Participants:
Patients (n=299) with 1 enrolled eye with intermediate AMD and baseline SD-OCT, followed by SD-OCT imaging at 1-year and 2-year visits.

Methods:
The number and location of HF were scored in (Read more...)

Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Assessment of Schlemm’s Canal in Chinese Subjects with Primary Open-angle Glaucoma

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
To evaluate in vivo features of Schlemm’s canal (SC) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to investigate the relationship of SC size with intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma severity.

Design:
Prospective, comparative study.

Participants:
Fifty Chinese patients with newly diagnosed POAG who had not undergone surgery and 50 normal Chinese subjects from a population-based, cross-sectional study in Shanghai.

Methods:
All participants underwent SD-OCT. The diameter and area of SC were examined in the temporal and nasal sections and measured with customized (Read more...)

Use of Corneal Power-Specific Constants to Improve the Accuracy of the SRK/T Formula

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of average corneal power (K) and axial length (AL) in a data-adjusted A-constant for improving the refractive outcome in the Sanders–Retzlaff–Kraff (SRK)/T formula.

Design:
Retrospective, consecutive, case series.

Participants:
A total of 637 patients (637 eyes) who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with implantation of the Acrysof IQ (IQ; Alcon, Fort Worth, TX; 314 eyes) or Akreos AO (AO; Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY; 323 eyes) intraocular lens (IOL) by a single surgeon.

Methods:
The correlation among the K, AL, and predicted refractive error in the SRK/T (Read more...)

Visualization of Blebs Using Anterior-Segment Optical Coherence Tomography after Glaucoma Drainage Implant Surgery

by  •  • 0 Comments

Objective:
The current study investigated the internal structure of blebs using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in patients who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) (New World Medical Inc, Rancho Cucamonga, CA) implantation and compared the differences between successful and failed surgeries.

Design:
Cross-sectional, observational study.

Participants:
A total of 76 patients who had undergone AGV implantation.

Methods:
The blebs after AGV implantation were examined using AS-OCT. The relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) or the number of glaucoma medications and intrableb parameters was evaluated. Success was defined as IOP ≤21 (Read more...)

Scleral Necrosis after Plaque Radiotherapy of Uveal Melanoma: A Case-Control Study

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
To identify risk factors and outcome of scleral necrosis after plaque radiotherapy of uveal melanoma.

Design:
Case-control study.

Participants:
A total of 73 cases with scleral necrosis and 73 controls without necrosis after plaque radiotherapy. Controls were matched for anteroposterior tumor epicenter and follow-up duration.

Intervention:
Plaque radiotherapy with iodine-125, cobalt-60, iridium-192, or ruthenium-106.

Main Outcome Measures:
Scleral necrosis.

Results:
Of 5057 patients treated with plaque radiotherapy for uveal melanoma, 73 (1%) developed radiotherapy-induced scleral necrosis. Scleral necrosis occurred in <1% of patients (3/1140) when plaque radiotherapy was used (Read more...)

Effect of Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking on Corneal Innervation, Corneal Sensitivity, and Tear Function of Patients with Keratoconus

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) on corneal innervation, corneal sensitivity, and tear function in patients with keratoconus.

Design:
Prospective, interventional case series.

Participants:
Twenty-four patients with bilateral keratoconus (30 eyes) who presented to the Institute of Vision and Optics, University of Crete, from May 2008 to October 2008.

Methods:
Patients underwent CXL. Confocal microscopic analysis of corneal sub-basal nerve plexus (total nerve length per image), corneal sensitivity (assessed with the Cochet–Bonnet esthesiometer), basic tear secretion (assessed with Schirmer’s I test with anesthesia), and tear film (Read more...)

Clinical Classification of Age-related Macular Degeneration

by  •  • 0 Comments

Objective:
To develop a clinical classification system for age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design:
Evidence-based investigation, using a modified Delphi process.

Participants:
Twenty-six AMD experts, 1 neuro-ophthalmologist, 2 committee chairmen, and 1 methodologist.

Methods:
Each committee member completed an online assessment of statements summarizing current AMD classification criteria, indicating agreement or disagreement with each statement on a 9-step scale. The group met, reviewed the survey results, discussed the important components of a clinical classification system, and defined new data analyses needed to refine a classification system. After the meeting, additional data (Read more...)

Photoreceptor Outer Segment Length: A Prognostic Factor for Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane Surgery

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
To investigate prognostic factors for visual improvement in patients undergoing vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane (ERM) using spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Participants:
A total of 41 eyes of 38 patients.

Methods:
A total of 41 eyes of 38 patients with idiopathic ERM underwent ERM resection. Ophthalmic evaluations included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT parameters before and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Correlations between OCT parameters and BCVA were assessed at each time point. Correlations between postoperative BCVA and preoperative factors (Read more...)

Rheumatoid Arthritis–Associated Corneal Ulceration: Mortality and Graft Survival

by  •  • 0 Comments

Purpose:
To investigate mortality and graft survival in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) for rheumatoid arthritis–associated corneal ulceration (RACU), Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy (FED), and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK).

Design:
Case-control study.

Participants and Controls:
Patients listed on the UK Transplant Registry who had undergone a PKP for RACU, FED, or PBK between January 4, 1999, and January 4, 2006. Comparative standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and causes of death were obtained from the Office for National Statistics.

Methods:
Outcome data were collected from the UK Ocular Tissue National Transplant database and (Read more...)