Objective: To compare the prevalence of amblyopia, strabismus, and significant refractive error among African-American, American Indian, Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white preschoolers in the Vision In Preschoolers study.Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study.Participants: Three- to 5-year old preschoolers (n = 4040) in Head Start from 5 geographically disparate areas of the United States.Methods: All children who failed the mandatory Head Start screening and a sample of those who passed were enrolled. Study-certified pediatric optometrists and ophthalmologists performed comprehensive eye examinations including monocular distance visual acuity (VA), cover testing, and cycloplegic retinoscopy. Examination results were used to classify vision disorders, including amblyopia, strabismus, significant (Read more...)
Author: Ophthalmology
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对已发表的文献进行系统性回顾及meta分析， Wan (p. 2197) 等对已发表的研究文章进行系统性的回顾及meta分析，评估比较局部使用环孢霉素及安慰剂对治疗过敏性结膜炎的有效性及安全性分析。
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We thank Carifi et al for their interest in our recent study describing cataract surgery in patients with nanophthalmos. We fully agree that anterior chamber depth is important in planning cataract surgery in nanophthalmos and anterior chamber depth v…
A Simple Vista en Este Número
En una revisión y un metanálisis sistemáticos de los estudios publicados, Wan y otros (p. 2197) evaluaron la eficacia y seguridad de la ciclosporina tópica vs. placebo para el tratamiento de la conjuntivitis alérgica. Determinaron que la ciclospor…
Management of Small Pupils in Femtosecond-assisted Cataract Surgery Pretreatment
Femtosecond (FS) lasers are used in performing various steps of cataract procedure as a pretreatment to traditional phacoemulsification, including clear corneal incisions (CCI), arcuate keratotomies, anterior capsulotomies, and phacofragmentation. The …
Editorial Board
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In the letter from Rodriguez-Sains, several important points are raised. Namely, there are established guides for remembering risks for cutaneous nevus transformation to melanoma (ABCDE) and choroidal nevus transformation to melanoma (TFSOM UHHD). Rece…
Cataract Surgery in Patients with Nanophthalmos
We read with interest the article form Steijns et al reporting the outcomes of cataract surgery in microphthalmos. Among other findings, the authors described higher rates of intraoperative complications following prophylactic anterior pars plana vitr…
ABCDEF Guide
The Shields et al article describes an “ABCDEF guide” to aid diagnosis of iris nevus growth into melanoma. The authors note that iris melanomas are exceedingly rare, carry a low risk for transformation to melanoma, and in their analyses of 41 years’ worth of data, only 2%, or 27, of the 1611 eyes with iris nevi developed melanoma. This sharply contrasts with cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), the fifth most common cancer in women and men, which will strike >75 000 new individuals this year, 150 000 if melanomas in situ are included. The (Read more...)
Detection of Glaucoma with an Optical Coherence Tomography-derived Neuroretinal Rim Parameter
I have read with great interest the article entitled “Enhanced detection of open-angle glaucoma with an anatomically accurate optical coherence tomography-derived neuroretinal rim parameter” by Chauhan et al, and I congratulate the authors for the…
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In response to the correspondence entitled “Recognizing the KCNV2-Related Retinal Phenotype,” we thank Khan et al for the comments that extend and clarify the unique clinical features of cone dystrophy with supranormal rod response (CDSRR) in youn…
Recognizing the KCNV2-Related Retinal Phenotype
Zelinger et al highlight the KCNV2-related retinal phenotype (“cone dystrophy with supranormal rod response”) as an underdiagnosed condition in the Israeli population. Out of 220 index cases of retinal dysfunction with predominant photopic involve…
Diffuse Choroidal Hemangioma Management with Plaque Radiotherapy in 5 Cases
Choroidal hemangioma is a benign vascular hamartoma, classified as either circumscribed or diffuse. Diffuse choroidal hemangioma (DCH) typically presents as an ill-defined choroidal mass with indistinct margins, imparting a reddish hue labeled as the
This Issue At A Glance
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies, Wan et al (p. 2197) assessed the efficacy and safety of topical cyclosporine versus placebo for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. They found that topical cyclosporine is indeed saf…
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We are grateful to Dr. Hwang for providing lucid remarks on the potential instability of Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) in myopic eyes. We have argued that the BMO is a true anatomic border from which neuroretinal rim measurements can be made; howeve…
Effectively Implementing Evidence-Based Medicine
Since its formal introduction into clinical practice more than 20 years ago, evidence-based medicine has become increasingly important. Its impact almost certainly will be even greater in the coming years because payment will be for health outcomes r…
Assessing the Cone Photoreceptor Mosaic in Eyes with Pseudodrusen and Soft Drusen In Vivo Using Adaptive Optics Imaging – Corrected Proof
Purpose: To investigate the cone photoreceptor mosaic in eyes with pseudodrusen as evidenced by the presence of subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) and conventional drusen using adaptive optics (AO) imaging integrated into a multimodal imaging approach.Design: Observational case series.Participants: Eleven patients (11 eyes) with pseudodrusen and 6 patients (11 eyes) with conventional drusen.Methods: Consecutive patients were examined using near-infrared reflectance (IR) confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) and eye-tracked spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and flood-illuminated retinal AO camera of nonconfluent pseudodrusen or conventional drusen. Correlations were made between the IR-SLO, SD-OCT, and AO images. Cone density analysis was performed on AO (Read more...)
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Analyses of Corneal Microstructural Changes in a Prospective Study of Collagen Cross-linking in Keratoconus – Corrected Proof
Purpose: To use in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) to quantitatively analyze microstructural changes over time, after corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus.Design: Prospective cohort study.Participants: A total of 38 eyes of 38 patients undergoing collagen cross-linking for keratoconus.Methods: Prospective, clinical cohort study of corneal collagen cross-linking in progressive keratoconus. Laser scanning IVCM performed preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.Main Outcome Measures: Density of corneal sub-basal nerves, anterior and posterior keratocytes, and corneal endothelium.Results: Compared with baseline values, the mean sub-basal nerve density decreased significantly at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.01); however, this returned to preoperative values (Read more...)
Intraoperative Refractive Biometry for Predicting Intraocular Lens Power Calculation after Prior Myopic Refractive Surgery – Corrected Proof
Purpose: To evaluate a new method of intraoperative refractive biometry (IRB) for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in eyes undergoing cataract surgery after prior myopic LASIK or photorefractive keratectomy.Design: Retrospective consecutive cases series.Participants: We included 215 patients undergoing cataract surgery with a history of myopic LASIK or photorefractive keratectomy.Methods: Patients underwent IRB for IOL power estimation. The Optiwave Refractive Analysis (ORA) System wavefront aberrometer was used to obtain aphakic refractive measurements intraoperatively and then calculate the IOL power with a modified vergence formula obtained before refractive surgery. Comparative effectiveness analysis was done for IRB predictive accuracy of IOL power determination (Read more...)