Abstract: Purpose: To report a series of four recurrent orbital varices following resection, two of which were embolized with cyanoacrylate glue preoperatively.Design: Retrospective case seriesMethods: Charts of all patients seen by a single orbital su…
Category: Peer-reviewed
Risk factors for ocular surface squamous neoplasia recurrence following treatment with topical mitomycin C and interferon alpha-2b – Accepted Manuscript
Abstract: Purpose: To determine the rate of recurrence and associated risk factors following the use of mitomycin C (MMC) and/or interferon alpha-2b (IFN) for management of non-invasive ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN).Design: Retrospective non…
Dry Eye Disease and Work Productivity Loss in Visual Display Users: The Osaka Study – Accepted Manuscript
Abstract: Purpose: To estimate the impact of dry eye disease (DED) on work performance and productivity in office workers using visual display terminals (VDTs).Design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: Six hundred and seventy-two Japanese young and middle-aged office workers using VDTs completed questionnaire which was designed to measured at-work performance deficits and productivity losses using the Japanese version of the Work Limitations Questionnaire, completed by e-mail. Using the Japanese dry eye diagnostic criteria, respondents were classified into three groups: definite DED, probable DED, and non-DED.Results: Of the 672 office workers, 553 subjects (82.3%) including 366 men and 187 women completed the questionnaire and underwent clinical evaluation. As for the total workplace productivity loss, the non-DED group demonstrated a loss of 3.56%, those with probable DED, a loss of 4.06%, and those with definite DED, a loss of 4.82%, indicating significantly worse performance and productivity (trend test p=0.014). For the four subscales, DED was associated with significantly lower on-the-job time management (trend test p=0.009) and mental performance/interpersonal functioning (trend test p=0.011). After controlling for age, gender, VDT working hours, and diagnosis of DED, time management, physical demands, and mental/interpersonal functioning, showed a significant relationship to DED (each p>0.05). Annual DED productivity losses were estimated to be $6,160 per employee when measured by total production and $ 1,178 per employee calculated by wage.Conclusions: This study indicates that there is a significant impact of DED on the total productivity of Japanese visual display terminal users.
Polymorphisms in genetics of Vitamin D metabolism confer susceptibility to ocular Behçet disease in a Chinese Han population – Accepted Manuscript
Abstract: Purpose: To test whether singlenucleotidepolymorphisms(SNPs) of the four Vitamin D family genes(DHCR7, CYP2R1, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1) previously associated with several autoimmune diseases, are associated with ocular Behçet disease, Vogt-Koyan…
Pretreatment Anterior Segment Imaging During Acute Primary Angle Closure: Insights into Angle Closure Mechanisms in the Acute Phase – Corrected Proof
Objective: To describe anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) parameters during acute primary angle closure (APAC) before therapeutic interventions and comparative analyses of biometric parameters of APAC eyes with fellow eyes.Design: Prospective, comparative case series.Participants: Thirty-one consecutive patients with APAC.Methods: All patients underwent ASOCT imaging of both eyes during the attack, before therapeutic interventions were administered. Custom software was used to measure anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber area (ACA), anterior chamber volume (ACV), iris curvature (I-Curv), iris area (I-Area), lens vault (LV), and angle opening distance (AOD750), trabecular iris space area (TISA750), and iris thickness (IT750) at 750 μm from the scleral spur. Multivariate logistic regression modeling using forward selection was used to determine the most important biometric variables associated with APAC compared with the fellow eye during the attack.Main Outcome Measures: Anterior segment biometric parameters associated with APAC.Results: The mean age of the patients was 60.9±7.5 years, and 11 patients (35.5%) were male. The mean intraocular pressure was 3.8±9.2 mmHg in the APAC eye and 4.2±4.3 mmHg in the fellow eye before treatment (P < 0.001). After adjustment for pupil diameter, APAC eyes had smaller ACD, ACA, ACV, I-Curv (all P < 0.001), AOD750 (P = 0.037), TISA750 (P = 0.043), I-Area (P = 0.027), and IT750 (P = 0.002) and larger LV (P = 0.041) than fellow eyes. An optimal model consisting of 3 variables (pupil diameter, ACD, and I-Curv) explained 36.7% of the variance in APAC occurrence, with ACD accounting for 18.1% and I-Curv accounting for 14.1% of this variance.Conclusions: Shallower ACD and smaller I-Curv were the 2 main anterior segment biometric parameters associated with APAC during the attack. These findings present new insights into the anterior segment biometric parameters of APAC and fellow eyes before therapeutic interventions. Anatomic changes in the anterior segment explained only about one third of the variance in APAC occurrence, and the role of nonanatomic factors require further investigation.Financial Disclosure(s): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article.
Prevalence of Vision Disorders by Racial and Ethnic Group among Children Participating in Head Start – Corrected Proof
Objective: To compare the prevalence of amblyopia, strabismus, and significant refractive error among African-American, American Indian, Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white preschoolers in the Vision In Preschoolers study.Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study.Participants: Three- to 5-year old preschoolers (n = 4040) in Head Start from 5 geographically disparate areas of the United States.Methods: All children who failed the mandatory Head Start screening and a sample of those who passed were enrolled. Study-certified pediatric optometrists and ophthalmologists performed comprehensive eye examinations including monocular distance visual acuity (VA), cover testing, and cycloplegic retinoscopy. Examination results were used to classify vision disorders, including amblyopia, strabismus, significant refractive errors, and unexplained reduced VA. Sampling weights were used to calculate prevalence rates, confidence intervals, and statistical tests for differences.Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence rates in each racial/ethnic group.Results: Overall, 86.5% of children invited to participate were examined, including 2072 African-American, 343 American Indian (323 from Oklahoma), 145 Asian, 796 Hispanic, and 481 non-Hispanic white children. The prevalence of any vision disorder was 21.4% and was similar across groups (P = 0.40), ranging from 17.9% (American Indian) to 23.3% (Hispanic). Prevalence of amblyopia was similar among all groups (P = 0.07), ranging from 3.0% (Asian) to 5.4% (non-Hispanic white). Prevalence of strabismus also was similar (P = 0.12), ranging from 1.0% (Asian) to 4.6% (non-Hispanic white). Prevalence of hyperopia >3.25 diopter (D) varied (P = 0.007), with the lowest rate in Asians (5.5%) and highest in non-Hispanic whites (11.9%). Prevalence of anisometropia varied (P = 0.009), with the lowest rate in Asians (2.7%) and highest in Hispanics (7.1%). Myopia >2.00 D was relatively uncommon (<2.0%) in all groups with the lowest rate in American Indians (0.2%) and highest rate in Asians (1.9%). Prevalence of astigmatism >1.50 D varied (P = 0.01), with the lowest rate among American Indians (4.3%) and highest among Hispanics (11.1%).Conclusions: Among Head Start preschool children, the prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus was similar among 5 racial/ethnic groups. Prevalence of significant refractive errors, specifically hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia, varied by group, with the highest rate of hyperopia in non-Hispanic whites, and the highest rates of astigmatism and anisometropia in Hispanics.Financial Disclosure(s): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article.
Author reply
In the letter from Rodriguez-Sains, several important points are raised. Namely, there are established guides for remembering risks for cutaneous nevus transformation to melanoma (ABCDE) and choroidal nevus transformation to melanoma (TFSOM UHHD). Rece…
ABCDEF Guide
The Shields et al article describes an “ABCDEF guide” to aid diagnosis of iris nevus growth into melanoma. The authors note that iris melanomas are exceedingly rare, carry a low risk for transformation to melanoma, and in their analyses of 41 years’ worth of data, only 2%, or 27, of the 1611 eyes with iris nevi developed melanoma. This sharply contrasts with cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), the fifth most common cancer in women and men, which will strike >75 000 new individuals this year, 150 000 if melanomas in situ are included. The projected figures from the American Cancer Society estimate that >9000 will die from CMM in 2013, more dramatically stated as 1 person dying from CMM every hour.
Cataract Surgery in Patients with Nanophthalmos
We read with interest the article form Steijns et al reporting the outcomes of cataract surgery in microphthalmos. Among other findings, the authors described higher rates of intraoperative complications following prophylactic anterior pars plana vitr…
Editorial Board
Author reply
We thank Carifi et al for their interest in our recent study describing cataract surgery in patients with nanophthalmos. We fully agree that anterior chamber depth is important in planning cataract surgery in nanophthalmos and anterior chamber depth v…
Management of Small Pupils in Femtosecond-assisted Cataract Surgery Pretreatment
Femtosecond (FS) lasers are used in performing various steps of cataract procedure as a pretreatment to traditional phacoemulsification, including clear corneal incisions (CCI), arcuate keratotomies, anterior capsulotomies, and phacofragmentation. The …
Author reply
We are grateful to Dr. Hwang for providing lucid remarks on the potential instability of Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) in myopic eyes. We have argued that the BMO is a true anatomic border from which neuroretinal rim measurements can be made; howeve…
Detection of Glaucoma with an Optical Coherence Tomography-derived Neuroretinal Rim Parameter
I have read with great interest the article entitled “Enhanced detection of open-angle glaucoma with an anatomically accurate optical coherence tomography-derived neuroretinal rim parameter” by Chauhan et al, and I congratulate the authors for the…
期刊一览
对已发表的文献进行系统性回顾及meta分析， Wan (p. 2197) 等对已发表的研究文章进行系统性的回顾及meta分析，评估比较局部使用环孢霉素及安慰剂对治疗过敏性结膜炎的有效性及安全性分析。
This Issue At A Glance
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies, Wan et al (p. 2197) assessed the efficacy and safety of topical cyclosporine versus placebo for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. They found that topical cyclosporine is indeed saf…
Effectively Implementing Evidence-Based Medicine
Since its formal introduction into clinical practice more than 20 years ago, evidence-based medicine has become increasingly important. Its impact almost certainly will be even greater in the coming years because payment will be for health outcomes r…
A Simple Vista en Este Número
En una revisión y un metanálisis sistemáticos de los estudios publicados, Wan y otros (p. 2197) evaluaron la eficacia y seguridad de la ciclosporina tópica vs. placebo para el tratamiento de la conjuntivitis alérgica. Determinaron que la ciclospor…
Contents
Recognizing the KCNV2-Related Retinal Phenotype
Zelinger et al highlight the KCNV2-related retinal phenotype (“cone dystrophy with supranormal rod response”) as an underdiagnosed condition in the Israeli population. Out of 220 index cases of retinal dysfunction with predominant photopic involve…