Purpose:
To determine the efficacy and safety of different doses of secukinumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody for targeted interleukin-17A blockade, in patients with noninfectious uveitis.
Design:
Three multicenter, randomized, double-masked, …
Purpose:
To investigate mortality and graft survival in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) for rheumatoid arthritis–associated corneal ulceration (RACU), Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy (FED), and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK).
Design:
Case-control study.
Participants and Controls:
Patients listed on the UK Transplant Registry who had undergone a PKP for RACU, FED, or PBK between January 4, 1999, and January 4, 2006. Comparative standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and causes of death were obtained from the Office for National Statistics.
Methods:
Outcome data were collected from the UK Ocular Tissue National Transplant database and (Read more...)
Purpose:
To investigate the incidence of significant adverse ocular side effects after intravenous zoledronate infusion for osteopenia.
Design:
Data analysis of a large, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Par…
Objective:
To determine the diagnostic ability of laminar thickness obtained using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) of the Heidelberg Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) system (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and the factors relat…
Purpose:
To investigate anterior segment parameters in normal Chinese subjects and study factors influencing these parameters, such as age, gender, and laterality.
Design:
A prospective observational case series.
Participants:
A total of 291 normal subjects (582 eyes) were included.
Methods:
The anterior segment data were determined with a dual Scheimpflug analyzer.
Main Outcome Measures:
The corneal thinnest-point thickness (CTPT), corneal thinnest-point distribution (CTPD), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal thickness (CT) in the central 10 mm diameter, pupil diameter (PD), pupil center distribution (PCD), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior chamber (Read more...)
Purpose:
To examine the characteristics of US medical students applying for ophthalmology residency and to determine the predictors of matching.
Design:
A retrospective case series.
Participants:
A total of 3435 medical students from the United States who applied to an ophthalmology residency program from 2003 to 2008 were included.
Methods:
Matched and unmatched applicants were compared and stratified by predictor variables, including United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 score, Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) status, medical school reputation, and medical school geographic region. Differences in proportions were analyzed using (Read more...)
Purpose:
To investigate the associations of the C2-CFB-RDBP-SKIV2L region with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).
Design:
Cross-sectional, case-control association study.
Participants:
…
Purpose:
To investigate the effect of the lateral decubitus position (LDP) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients with asymmetric visual field loss.
Design:
Prospective, cross-sectional study.
Participants:
Ninety-eight eyes of 49 consecutive bilateral glaucoma patients with asymmetric visual field loss, divided into better eye and worse eye groups for calculation of mean deviation.
Methods:
Intraocular pressure was measured using a Goldmann applanation tonometer and rebound tonometer (Icare PRO; Icare Finland Oy, Helsinki, Finland) in each of the following positions: sitting, supine, right LDP, and left LDP. Visual field was (Read more...)
Objective:
Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) or branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) causes hypoperfusion, high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), macular edema, and loss of vision. Many patients also show areas of complete clos…
Objective:
Neuroretinal rim assessment based on the clinical optic disc margin (DM) lacks a sound anatomic basis for 2 reasons: (1) The DM is not reliable as the outer border of rim tissue because of clinically and photographically invisible extensio…
Purpose: To describe a technique to obtain combined images of vitreoretinal and choroidal structures using spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to evaluate applicability in normal eyes and limitations in eyes with cataract.Design: Prospective, observational case series.Methods: Three different foveal scans, including conventional SD OCT, enhanced depth imaging OCT and the novel method called combined depth imaging (CDI) OCT, were obtained in 42 eyes of healthy volunteers and in 26 eyes with cataract using the Heidelberg Spectralis HRA (Heidelberg Engineering). The CDI OCT images were obtained manually using an image modification process that enhances the vitreoretinal interface first and (Read more...)
Purpose: To investigate the in vitro effect of pH, osmolarity, solvent, and light interaction on currently used and novel dyes to minimize dye-related retinal toxicity.Design: Laboratory investigation.Methods: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) human cells (ARPE-19) were exposed for 10 minutes to different pH solutions (4, 5, 6, 7, 7.5, 8, and 9) and glucose solutions (2.5%, 5.0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 50%) with osmolarity from 142 to 2530 mOsm, with and without 0.5 mg/mL trypan blue. R28 cells were also incubated with glucose (150, 310, and 1000 mOsm) and mannitol used as an osmotic control agent in both experiments. Dye-light interaction was assessed by (Read more...)
Objective:
To describe the imaging characteristics of solitary idiopathic choroiditis (SIC).
Design:
Retrospective, observational case series.
Participants:
Ten eyes in 10 patients with SIC.
Methods:
Review of chart, fundus photography, ultraso…
Objective:
To use a novel teaching exercise to encourage students to practice ophthalmoscopy and to measure the learning effect both subjectively and objectively.
Design:
Comparative case series.
Participants:
One hundred thirty-one fourth-year medical students on their 1-week ophthalmology rotations with 89 in the experimental group and 42 in the control group.
Methods:
Those in the experimental group had 1 eye dilated and their optic nerve photographed on the first day. The next day, these students received an unlabeled optic nerve photograph belonging to 1 of their peers (typically 8–10 per (Read more...)
Purpose:
To estimate retinal ganglion cell (RGC) losses associated with the earliest development of visual field defects in glaucoma.
Design:
Observational cohort study.
Participants:
The study group included 53 eyes of 53 patients with suspected glaucoma who were followed as part of the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma (DIGS) study. These eyes had normal standard automated perimetry (SAP) visual fields at baseline and developed repeatable (3 consecutive) abnormal test results during a median follow-up of 6.7 years. An age-matched control group of 124 eyes of 124 healthy subjects recruited from the (Read more...)
Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy of a novel cyclosporine A (CsA) drug-delivery system (DDS) in the anterior chamber for suppressing the occurrence of rejection and improving the survival of corneal allografts after high-risk keratoplasty.
Design:
Single-center, noncomparative case series.
Participants:
Ninety-two eyes of 92 patients with corneal blindness who required corneal transplantation at Shandong Eye Institute from May 2003 to June 2011.
Methods:
The CsA DDS was implanted into the anterior chamber during high-risk keratoplasty, and subsequent therapeutic effects were evaluated.
Main Outcome Measures:
Occurrence and reversal of graft rejection (Read more...)
Objective:
To compare the efficacy of topical voriconazole and topical natamycin with that of intrastromal voriconazole and topical natamycin in patients with recalcitrant fungal keratitis.
Design:
Randomized clinical trial.
Participants:
Forty e…
Purpose:
To determine the causative pathogens in eyes with bacterial conjunctivitis.
Design:
Evaluation of diagnostic test or technology.
Participants:
Thirteen eyes diagnosed clinically with bacterial conjunctivitis and 12 eyes with normal conju…
Purpose: To report the risk of endophthalmitis and other long-term complications in patients randomized to trabeculectomy in the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study.Design: A longitudinal cohort study using data collected from a multicenter,…
Purpose: To evaluate ocular biometric parameters in different subtypes of angle-closure disease in the Iranian population and compare them with normal eyes.Design: Prospective, cross-sectional.Methods: In this clinic-based study, 189 eyes of 154 patients consisting of 40 acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) eyes, 40 fellow eyes of AACG, 42 chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) eyes, 40 primary angle-closure suspect (PACS) eyes, and 27 normal eyes underwent complete examination including gonioscopy, A-scan biometry, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Only 1 eye of CACG, PACS, and control subjects were selected. Main outcome measures included angle opening distance and trabeculo-iris space area at 500 μm from (Read more...)