Category: Peer-reviewed

Objective:
The current study investigated the internal structure of blebs using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in patients who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) (New World Medical Inc, Rancho Cucamonga, CA) implantation and compared the differences between successful and failed surgeries.

Design:
Cross-sectional, observational study.

Participants:
A total of 76 patients who had undergone AGV implantation.

Methods:
The blebs after AGV implantation were examined using AS-OCT. The relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) or the number of glaucoma medications and intrableb parameters was evaluated. Success was defined as IOP ≤21 (Read more...)

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) on corneal innervation, corneal sensitivity, and tear function in patients with keratoconus.

Design:
Prospective, interventional case series.

Participants:
Twenty-four patients with bilateral keratoconus (30 eyes) who presented to the Institute of Vision and Optics, University of Crete, from May 2008 to October 2008.

Methods:
Patients underwent CXL. Confocal microscopic analysis of corneal sub-basal nerve plexus (total nerve length per image), corneal sensitivity (assessed with the Cochet–Bonnet esthesiometer), basic tear secretion (assessed with Schirmer’s I test with anesthesia), and tear film (Read more...)

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of mechanical implantation of a continuous intrastromal ring in keratoconus.Design: Prospective, interventional, nonrandomized, case series.Methods: The MyoRing (Dioptex GmbH) was implanted after creation of an intrastro…

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Purpose:
To evaluate the pharmacogenetic relationship between genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) known to be associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and response to treatment with ranibizumab (Lucentis; Genentech, Sout…

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Objective:
To develop a clinical classification system for age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design:
Evidence-based investigation, using a modified Delphi process.

Participants:
Twenty-six AMD experts, 1 neuro-ophthalmologist, 2 committee chairmen, and 1 methodologist.

Methods:
Each committee member completed an online assessment of statements summarizing current AMD classification criteria, indicating agreement or disagreement with each statement on a 9-step scale. The group met, reviewed the survey results, discussed the important components of a clinical classification system, and defined new data analyses needed to refine a classification system. After the meeting, additional data (Read more...)

Purpose: To compare nylon monofilament suture with polytetrafluoroethylene sheet for frontalis suspension surgery to treat eyes with congenital ptosis.Design: Retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative, interventional case series.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 49 patients who had undergone 79 eyelid frontalis suspension surgeries to treat congenital ptosis. All of the patients were younger than 16 years and had congenital ptosis with poor levator muscle function. They were treated with frontalis suspension surgery with either a nylon suture or a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet and were followed up for at least 1 year. A single rhomboid loop sling was used for the nylon suture surgery. (Read more...)

Purpose: To investigate the repeatability of tear meniscus measurements using anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the relationship of tear meniscus measurements with tear film breakup time and Schirmer test results.Design: Prospective, observational, cross-sectional study.Methods: We enrolled 26 healthy subjects (26 eyes; 20 men and 6 women; mean age, 36.5 ± 6.8 years) at the University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, in this study. Examinations were conducted in the following sequence: anterior segment vertical raster scans by swept-source OCT, tear film breakup time, and Schirmer test. Each subject underwent OCT measurements twice by the same grader, (Read more...)

Purpose: To assess the crystalline lens opacity level by measuring ocular light scattering with a double-pass system.Design: Prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study.Methods: Two hundred fifty-three eyes of 135 patients referred for cataract evaluation were enrolled. Patients with corneal or retinal anomalies potentially impairing ocular transparency were excluded. Lens opacification was assessed by the Lens opacities classification system III. Optical Quality Analysis System (Visiometrics SL) measurements provided ocular Modulation Transfer Function cutoff frequency and Objective Scatter Index. Best-corrected visual acuity and Quality of Vision questionnaire scores (Rasch-scaled) were recorded. We analyzed correlations between visual acuity, type and severity of cataract, Optical Quality (Read more...)

Purpose: To investigate the retention rate and complications of 2 different types of silicon lacrimal punctal plugs with the focus on the relationship to punctum size.Design: A prospective, nonrandomized, interventional, comparative study.Method: Forty-four patients with dry eye syndrome received lacrimal punctal plug insertion with the Punctal Plug F (FCI Ophthalmics) and 30 patients received plug insertion with the Super Flex plug (Eagle Vision; Softplug-Oasis Medical Inc). In total, 110 plug insertion regions were performed using the Punctal Plug F (group A) and 110 insertion regions were carried out using Super Flex plug (group B). The gauging system of Eagle Vision (Read more...)

Purpose: To analyze the uncorrected binocular performance after biaspheric multifocal central presbyopic laser in situ keratomileusis treatments.Design: Retrospective, interventional case series.Methods: setting. Private clinical practice. patient or …

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Purpose: To determine whether pretreatment (baseline) optical coherence tomography (OCT) features can be used as predictors of visual acuity outcome at 12 months in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration treated with intravitreal ranibizumab and to assess whether baseline OCT features can predict a change in visual acuity from baseline to 12 months.Design: Retrospective, observational study.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the serial cross-sectional images of the macula obtained using the Spectralis OCT (HRA+OCT; Heidelberg Engineering) in 100 eyes of 94 patients attending a single center and undergoing treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The baseline OCT characteristics and visual acuity were (Read more...)

Purpose: To report the frequency of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage (VH) in eyes that underwent primary 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for nonclearing VH resulting from proliferative diabetic retinopathy, as well as associated risk factors.Design: Retrospective, consecutive, interventional case series.Methods: setting: Institutional (Retina Service of Wills Eye Institute). study population: One hundred seventy-three eyes of 157 patients. intervention: Twenty-three–gauge PPV for nonclearing diabetic VH. main outcome measures: Percentage of eyes in which postoperative VH developed, categorized as early, delayed, or severe persistent, as well as percentage requiring reoperation.Results: During a mean follow-up of 32 weeks, 56 (32%) of 173 eyes demonstrated postoperative (Read more...)

Purpose: To introduce a new approach for short-term external scleral buckling with pneumatic retinopexy for the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior retinal breaks.Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series.Methods: A review of 33 consecutive eyes of 31 patients who underwent external buckling with pneumatic retinopexy for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior retinal breaks from December 2006 through December 2010. An external buckle was made of a 505 sponge sutured along the blunt side of a 279 tyre (MIRA Inc). The buckle was inserted deeply into the inferior fornix without suture after pneumatic retinopexy and was kept in place (Read more...)

Purpose: To compare choroidal thickness and extent and density of drusen between eyes with typical exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and eyes with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP).Design: Observational case series.Methods: Twenty-four eyes with typical exudative AMD and 20 eyes with RAP were included. Subfoveal choroidal thickness was measured using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Eyes were classified into 3 groups according to the extent of drusen distribution in the fundus photograph. Density of drusen was estimated based on optical coherence tomography images of the fellow eye. The proportion of the length beneath the drusen per the entire length of (Read more...)

Purpose: To reappraise macular pseudohole characteristics using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and characteristics and postoperative outcomes of macular pseudoholes.Design: Retrospective, observational case series.Methods: In this i…

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Purpose:
To report the 4-year outcomes of corneal cross-linking (CXL) for progressive keratoconus in a population of different age groups.

Design:
Retrospective, single-center, nonrandomized clinical study.

Participants:
Four hundred consecutive …

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Objective:
To determine whether foveal swelling exists in patients with foveal sparing and geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to establish the contribution of different foveal layers to this condition …

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Objective:
To describe the clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB).

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Participants:
Ten patients with ARB from 7 different families.

Methods:
All patients…

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Purpose:
To determine clinical features predictive of growth of iris nevus into melanoma.

Design:
Retrospective, comparative case series.

Participants:
A total of 1611 consecutive patients referred to an ocular oncology center with iris nevus.

Intervention:
Observation and photographic documentation.

Main Outcome Measures:
Growth into melanoma.

Results:
The mean age at referral for iris nevus was 51 years (median, 54; range, <1–94 years). At presentation, the mean tumor basal diameter was 3 mm (median, 3 mm; range, <1–12 mm) and mean tumor thickness was 0.8 mm (median, 0.5 mm; range, 0–5 (Read more...)

Purpose:
To investigate prognostic factors for visual improvement in patients undergoing vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane (ERM) using spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Participants:
A total of 41 eyes of 38 patients.

Methods:
A total of 41 eyes of 38 patients with idiopathic ERM underwent ERM resection. Ophthalmic evaluations included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT parameters before and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Correlations between OCT parameters and BCVA were assessed at each time point. Correlations between postoperative BCVA and preoperative factors (Read more...)